Economy - overview  Tanzania is one of the poorest countries in the world. The economy is heavily dependent on agriculture, which accounts for half of GDP, provides 85% of exports, and employs 90% of the work force. Topography and climatic conditions, however, limit cultivated crops to only 4% of the land area. Industry is mainly limited to processing agricultural products and light consumer goods. The World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, and bilateral donors have provided funds to rehabilitate Tanzania's deteriorated economic infrastructure. Growth in 1991-99 has featured a pickup in industrial production and a substantial increase in output of minerals, led by gold. Natural gas exploration in the Rufiji Delta looks promising and production could start by 2002. Recent banking reforms have helped increase private sector growth and investment. Short-term economic progress also depends on curbing corruption.

GDP  purchasing power parity - $23.3 billion (1999 est.)

GDP - real growth rate  4% (1999 est.)

GDP - per capita  purchasing power parity - $550 (1999 est.)

GDP - composition by sector  agriculture:49%
industry:17%
services:34% (1996 est.)

Population below poverty line  51.1% (1991 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share  lowest 10%:2.9%
highest 10%:30.2% (1993)

Inflation rate (consumer prices)  8.8% (1999 est.)

Labor force  13.495 million

Labor force - by occupation  agriculture 90%, industry and commerce 10% (1995 est.)

Unemployment rate  NA%

Budget  revenues:$1 billion
expenditures:$1.3 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1999 est.)

Industries  primarily agricultural processing (sugar, beer, cigarettes, sisal twine), diamond and gold mining, oil refining, shoes, cement, textiles, wood products, fertilizer, salt

Industrial production growth rate  8.4% (1999 est.)

Electricity - production  1.7 billion kWh (1998)

Electricity - production by source  fossil fuel:29.41%
hydro:70.59%
nuclear:0%
other:0% (1998)

Electricity - consumption  1.625 billion kWh (1998)

Electricity - exports  0 kWh (1998)

Electricity - imports  44 million kWh (1998)

Agriculture - products  coffee, sisal, tea, cotton, pyrethrum (insecticide made from chrysanthemums), cashew nuts, tobacco, cloves (Zanzibar), corn, wheat, cassava (tapioca), bananas, fruits, vegetables; cattle, sheep, goats

Exports  $828 million (f.o.b., 1999 est.)

Exports - commodities  coffee, manufactured goods, cotton, cashew nuts, minerals, tobacco, sisal (1996)

Exports - partners  India 9.8%, Germany 8.9%, Japan 7.8%, Malaysia 6.5%, Rwanda 5.2%, Netherlands 4.7% (1997)

Imports  $1.44 billion (f.o.b., 1999 est.)

Imports - commodities  consumer goods, machinery and transportation equipment, industrial raw materials, crude oil

Imports - partners  South Africa 12.9%, Kenya 9.6%, UK 8.7%, Saudi Arabia 6.6%, Japan 4.9%, China 4.6% (1997)

Debt - external  $7.7 billion (1999 est.)

Economic aid - recipient  $963 million (1997)

Currency  1 Tanzanian shilling (TSh) = 100 cents

Exchange rates  Tanzanian shillings (TSh) per US$1 - 798.90 (January 2000), 744.76 (1999), 664.67 (1998), 612.12 (1997), 579.98 (1996), 574.76 (1995)